The basic composition and principle of endoscope camera system

Medical endoscope is mainly composed of three systems, which are speculum system, image display system and lighting system. Taking the currently more commonly used electronic endoscope as an example, the mirror body extends into the patient's body, and there are multiple pipelines inside the mirror body, including lighting fiber, image fiber, gas channel, water channel, instrument channel, etc. Line of investigation data shows that the precision of the endoscope is extremely high, and multiple professional fields need to cooperate with each other.

Speculum system: mainly includes a handle and a mirror body. The mirror body is mainly composed of objective lens, image transmission element, eyepiece, lighting element and auxiliary element.

Image display system: Early endoscopes or hard-tube endoscopes use direct vision, while today's electronic endoscopes are usually composed of CCD/CMOS photoelectric sensors, displays, computers, and image processors.

Lighting system: mainly lighting source, beam transmission and so on. The earliest endoscope equipment uses thermal light sources, such as natural light, kerosene lamps, electrified platinum wire rings, small incandescent lamps, etc., which are easy to cause burns to the human body, and need to be configured with water cooling devices, and now cold light sources are commonly used, mainly LED light sources, xenon lamps, halogen lamps.