Electronic Endoeye: Medical Electronic Optical Instrument

Uses of Electronic Endoeye

The electronic endoeye can be inserted into the body cavities and organs for direct observation, diagnosis and treatment using extremely small electronic imaging devices called CCD (Charge-Coupled Device). The objects inside the cavity that need to be observed are imaged onto the CCD using a small objective optical system, and the received image signal is sent to the image processing system through a guided fiber bundle. Finally, the processed image is output on the monitor for the doctors to observe and diagnose.

Composition of Electronic Endoeye System

Main Components

The entire electronic endo eye system consists of three main components: the endo eye, the TV information system center, and the TV monitor. The main components include CCD coupled endoeyes, intracavitary cold light illumination systems, video processing systems and display printing systems.

Auxiliary Equipment

Auxiliary equipment includes various devices used for diagnosis, treatment, and inputting information, such as video recorders, cameras, suction devices, keyboards, and various disposables used in the diagnosis and treatment. The CCD coupled endo camera places the CCD coupling device at the end of the endo camera to directly capture images of the internal tissue or location, and transmits the signal through a cable to the image center.

Operation Principle of Electronic Endoeye

The imaging of the electronic endo eye mainly depends on the micro-image sensor equipped at the front end of the mirror body, which converts light energy into electrical energy. Then, the high-definition, lifelike color images are "rebuilt" and displayed on the monitor screen through the image processor. The working process of a miniature camera inserted into the human body cavity can be divided into four steps:

• The first step is the integration period of light exposure, during which the CCD pixel converts the incident photon quantity into photoelectric charge in proportion, completing the photo-electric conversion.

• At the same time with light integration, the photoelectric charges generated by each pixel are temporarily stored in the corresponding photosensitive diode well to achieve signal charge storage.

• After the exposure is completed, the stored photoelectric charges are transferred to the output area along the CCD shift register to complete the charge transfer.

• In the readout amplifier, each photoelectric charge is successively converted into a corresponding video signal to complete signal readout. Therefore, the CCD image sensor can be viewed as an optical-electrical converter, which can transform a spatially distributed optical image into temporally distributed video voltage signals.

Development Trend of Electronic Endoeye

Regarding medical electronic endoeyes, firstly, to alleviate patient discomfort, medical endoeyes are developing in the direction of miniaturization and miniaturization; secondly, for the convenience of doctors, developed countries have successfully developed surgical robot systems to complete endoeye operations or even surgical instrument operations. Such surgeries are safer, more accurate and convenient, which greatly reduces the labor force of medical personnel.

In addition, with the development of modern communication network technology, remote operation of endoscopic surgery has been successfully realized, which partially compensates for the shortage of experienced medical staff. Experienced surgeons can use remote operation to guide emergency surgery thatcannot be accessed easily. In conclusion, the development of medical endoeyes has revealed the mysteries of the human body and enabled the diagnosis and treatment of various difficult diseases.